Publications
What we publish, dated and fingerprinted. Each file shows its SHA-256 fingerprint; where it was sealed, its receipt and its Bitcoin proof let anyone check that it has not changed since that day.
The Twin Test
A public preregistration of an experiment on the origin of information
Two instruments built as identically as engineering allows are asked the same question at the same instant, and each answers with raw bits drawn from a physical noise source. If information is constructed, their answers converge as the instruments become identical; if it originates, the distance between them does not move. The document fixes the hypotheses, the observables, the sample size, the thresholds, the controls and the results that would falsify the claim, before the first measurement. The construction of the instrument is committed by fingerprint and kept private.
SHA-256 fingerprint · Sealed on the chain on 6 September 20260fc4259f745d6c1083da0a816aab666f04f1473430d9b0b8198a331a414460e0
Making the Past Irrevocable
The Declaration
Information is no longer scarce; evidence that a particular event occurred is. The essay asks what makes a record irreversible, finds two defences against an adversary who would undo it, making the work unaffordable or making the material disappear before anyone arrives, and argues why the second is denominated in physics rather than in a budget.
Eliminating the Rail
A response to FEDS 2026-037, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
The Federal Reserve paper shows that digital money backed by perfectly safe reserves can still suffer a run, because settlement on a shared blockchain grows more expensive exactly when everyone wants to use it. The response maps the paper’s model onto a settlement engine whose cost per receipt is fixed, and follows what becomes of the run threshold when the congestion channel is absent.
The Governance Limit
Physical foundations of deterministic AI safety
Whether an AI is aligned cannot be falsified; whether its output stays within tolerance can. The paper argues that deterministic AI safety therefore has to be enforced at the boundary of effects, where an action leaves the system, rather than inside the model, and develops the physical foundations of that architecture: bound the hand, not the mind.
SHA-256 fingerprintd33ce2246be31e593078072fc53429b12900cf46229c42099ec04384ebab6f6e
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